- cd / : entry root directory
- cd ~ : entry user root directory
- ls : list all files.
- pwd : show current directory
- cd /home : entry home directory
- cd .. : entry the last parent directory
- cat fstab: show the text file content.
- cat fs， then press
. Shell will fill the whole file name automtically. - ls m* : list all the file name starts with: m
- ls magi? : list all the file name starts with : magi and following one character. For e.g.: magic
- ls m*[od] : list all starts with : m, end with: o or d.
- ls -l : show all file’s properties:
- dir : show all files
- vdir: show all files and its properties
- cat -n .bashrc: show file content with rowcount
- more .bashrc : show file content in separate page.
- head -n 5 .bashrc : show first 5 row content
- tail -n 5 .bashrc : show last 5 row content.
- grep PS1 .bashrc : find all row content with: PS1
- find ./ -name bash : Find file name with: bash in current directory.
- whereis find : get command’s notebook
- find: /usr/bin/find /usr/bin/X11/find
- which ls: find where is ls command
- who
- whoami
- uname
- uname -a
- uname -r : kernel version
- man find : get the find command decription
- whatis ls: get the command common usage.
本文介绍基础的Linux Shell命令和案例：
cd / : entry root directory
tangym@ubuntu:/etc$ cd /
tangym@ubuntu:/$ pwd
cd ~ : entry user root directory
tangym@ubuntu:/$ cd ~
tangym@ubuntu:~$ pwd
/home/tangym
ls : list all files.
pwd : show current directory
cd /home : entry home directory
cd .. : entry the last parent directory
cat fstab: show the text file content.
cat fs， then press . Shell will fill the whole file name automtically.
ls m* : list all the file name starts with: m
ls magi? : list all the file name starts with : magi and following one character. For e.g.: magic
ls m*[od] : list all starts with : m, end with: o or d.
ls -l : show all file’s properties:
tangym@ubuntu:~$ ls -l
total 204112
drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 3 tangym tangym 4096 May 14 08:53 Downloads
-rw-r--r-- 1 tangym tangym 8445 May 29 2015 examples.desktop
-rw-rw-r-- 1 tangym tangym 10240 Jan 20 2011 ez_setup.py
drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Public
dir : show all files
vdir: show all files and its properties
cat -n .bashrc: show file content with rowcount
tangym@ubuntu:~$ cat -n .bashrc
1 # ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
2 # see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
3 # for examples
4
more .bashrc : show file content in separate page.
tangym@ubuntu:~$ more .bashrc
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples
head -n 5 .bashrc : show first 5 row content
tail -n 5 .bashrc : show last 5 row content.
grep PS1 .bashrc : find all row content with: PS1
tangym@ubuntu:~$ grep PS1 .bashrc
[ -z "$PS1" ] && return
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chro
find ./ -name bash : Find file name with: bash in current directory.
tangym@ubuntu:~$ find ./ -name *bash*
./.bash_history
./.bashrc
./.bash_logout
./redis-py-master/vagrant/.bash_profile
./Downloads/redis-py-master/vagrant/.bash_profile
tangym@ubuntu:~$ locate bash // similar to find . find file/directory with :back
tangym@ubuntu:~$ sudo updatedb //force update local db for Locate command
tangym@ubuntu:~$ firefox www.baidu.com : open firefox webbrowser
whereis find : get command’s notebook
tangym@ubuntu:~$ whereis find : get notebook
find: /usr/bin/find /usr/bin/X11/find /usr/share/man/man1/find.1.gz
tangym@ubuntu:~$ whereis -b find
find: /usr/bin/find /usr/bin/X11/find
which ls: find where is ls command
tangym@ubuntu:~$ which ls
/bin/ls
who
whoami
uname
uname -a
uname -r : kernel version
tangym@ubuntu:~$ who
tangym tty7 2016-05-23 23:50
tangym pts/1 2016-05-23 23:50 (:0)
tangym pts/2 2016-05-23 23:58 (:0)
tangym pts/3 2016-05-23 23:59 (:0)
tangym pts/4 2016-05-24 19:49 (:0)
tangym@ubuntu:~$ who am i
tangym pts/4 2016-05-24 19:49 (:0)
tangym@ubuntu:~$ whoami
tangym
tangym@ubuntu:~$ uname
Linux
tangym@ubuntu:~$ uname -a
Linux ubuntu 3.2.0-29-generic #46-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jul 27 17:03:23 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
man find : get the find command decription
tangym@ubuntu:~$ man find
whatis ls: get the command common usage.
tangym@ubuntu:~$ whatis ls
ls (1) - list directory contents